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The genocide of the European Jews | Ancienne Gare de déportation de Bobigny

A place where history was made

The genocide of the European Jews

The Jew, the absolute enemy

In the Nazi conception of the world, the Jew is 'the' mortal danger for Germany. The Jews are not even a race, but considered infectious germs. 

This status which disregards the fundamental rights of the human person led to the transition from daily persecutions to mass murder. Men, women and children, young or old, were thus targeted and exterminated because they were born Jewish: in total, between 5 and 6 million, including more than 1.3 million children..

The "final solution of the Jewish question" was deliberate and planned by a powerful State, which mobilized significant human and technical resources to achieve its goal. It was perpetrated within a modern and European society. The war led to its development.

« The Jew is a maggot in a putrefying body, a pestilence worse than the black plague of the past; the spider that slowly sucks the blood of the populace, a gang of rats in a bloody fight, parasites sucking off the bodies of other people, the typical bloodsucker, who is multiplying as a harmful freeloading microbe, a people of vampires. »

Excerpts from the book Mein Kampf (1925)

From persecution to extermination

The Nazis begin by imposing their definition of a Jew before expropriating, robbing, then often forcing them to emigrate or separate from others and stigmatizing them, including the forced wearing of the yellow star. 

In the East, they deported the Jews and stuck them in ghettos where living conditions were appalling. 

The last step is massive systematic murder. It began during the invasion of the USSR, probably as of September 1941, with the action of four Einsatzgruppen (task forces) - 'mobile killing units' responsible for executing on-site a maximum amount of Jews. The killing continues in the "killing center" gas chambers where Jews from all over Europe are driven.

Even if these steps seem inexorably linked, the pace and the phases of the European Jews' destruction was not the same everywhere.

In occupied France the Vichy Government collaborates

The Government of Marshal Petain, developing their own anti-Semitic policy and anxious to preserve an illusory sovereignty, choose to collaborate in the arrest and deportation of Jews from France.

It was French police officers who arrested many of the Jews during roundups decided by the Nazis. It was the French administration who was in charge of rounding up the Jews and take them to camps, particularly that of Drancy in the Paris region, from where they were then sent into exile as of 1942. It was the SNCF (French National Railway) which provided the manpower and equipment for deporting Jews.